Posted by James
A total of 119 patients were studied. Their mean age was 7.9±5.6 years. Sixty-eight (57.1%) of them were males and 51 (42.9%) were females, giving a male-female ratio of 1.3:1 As shown in Table 1, among 78 patients whose genotype were determined, 49 (62.8%) had hemoglobin genotype AA (HbAA) and 16 (20.5%) had HbSS, while seven (9%) and six (7.7%) had HbAS and HbAC, respectively. My Canadian Order net
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Posted by James
This study was carried out at the Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria. All pediatric and adolescent patients admitted between January 1996 and December 2002 were identified from the admission records of the orthopedic and pediatric services. These were compared with the central medical records to ensure completeness of identification. All patients with bone and soft tissue infections were then selected. Sociodemographic data as well as data of clinical presentation, genotype, bacterial isolates, and hematological profile were studied. Specimens for bacteriological studies were swabs/aspirates of pus from wounds, sinus, or ulcer. Anaerobic cultures were not done during the study period.
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Posted by James
Bacterial infections of bone and its soft tissue envelope are serious disease conditions especially in communities where abnormal hemoglobin genotype is common. The prevalence of HbSS and HbAS in Nigeria is 1.6-2% and 25-30%, respectively. Morbidity resulting from disabilities from some of these conditions may be life long. Mortality is also not infrequent. A review of death in the accident and emergency dept by Adesunkanmi et al. showed that pyomyositis accounted for 14% of deaths in surgical nontrauma conditions.
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Posted by James
INTRODUCTION
Bacterial MSS infections—including osteomyelitis, pyomyositis, and pyogenic arthritis, among others—are important causes of morbidity in children. Morbidity in these conditions may be increased by hemoglobinopathies.
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Posted by James
This study, which consisted predominantly of African-American children, demonstrated that inner-city children are more likely to be overweight com pared with other children. Fifty-three percent of children in this study were that caloric intake is similar in children with or without asthma but that children with asthma are more likely to have exercise-induced bronchospasm. The latter is related to the amount of subcutaneous fat in the bodies of asthmatic children. Exercise-induced bronchospasm may lead to an aversion to exercise, with subsequent risk of overweight and obesity. This is despite the fact that resting energy expenditure, which makes up the largest contribution to total energy expenditure, is greater in children with asthma when compared with children without asthma. These data indicate that increases in overweight and obesity in children with asthma may be related to decreases in physical activity.
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Posted by James
One-hundred-nine children were included in the study. Eleven children were excluded because of unacceptable pulmonary function tests. The demographics and other characteristics are shown in Table 2. Overall, 58 children (53%) were overweight (BMI >85th percentile). Girls were more likely to be overweight (35/61, 57%) compared with boys (24/48, 50%); however, this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.46). Eighteen (17%) children were diagnosed with asthma by a physician, but spirometry parameters were consistent with a diagnosis of asthma in only two of these 18 children. There was not a statistically significant difference between the overweight (8/58, 14%) and lean children (9/51, 18%) with regard to a physician diagnosis of asthma(p=0.412), nor was there a statistically significant association between asthma symptoms and the diagnosis of asthma based on spirometry.
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Posted by James
Spirometry (pre- and postbronchodilator) was assessed using a flow-sensitive spirometer (Renaissance II; Puritann-Bennett, Carlsbad, CA). A respiratory therapist who was experienced in performing spirometry in children conducted all tests, and all tests conformed to the criteria of the American Thoracic Society. All tests were performed between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. The following parameters were measured: forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEVi) and forced expiratory flow at midlung volume (FEF25-75). The ratio of FEVi to FVC (FEVi/FVC) was calculated. All values were adjusted for body temperature and barometric pressure. Percent predicted values for FVC,
Table 1. Questionnaires used to elicit symptoms of asthma
1. Wheezing at any time
2. Wheezing with exercise
3. Wheezing while sleeping
4. Cough at night
5. A severe attack of wheezing requiring emergency department visit
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